美国新冠病毒疫情公共卫生应对和临床指南，招募翻译

不是都希望做点什么么，欢迎认领，见文末的PDF全文。
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Initial Public Health Response and Interim Clinical Guidance for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak — United States, December 31, 2019–February 4, 2020
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Weekly / February 7, 2020 / 69(5);140–146
' y, R" O3 ?- J2 k4 z3 t. Q3 {On February 5, 2020, this report was posted online as an MMWR Early Release.
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Summary
/ M, o) @$ h( L, LWhat is already known about this topic?
In December 2019, an outbreak of acute respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was detected in mainland China. Cases have been reported in 26 additional locations, including the United States.

, a8 C2 {) K: v( b9 SWhat is added by this report?
Nine of the first 11 U.S. 2019-nCoV patients were exposed in Wuhan, China. CDC expects more U.S. cases.
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% {; l% |, }! q* L8 u" t3 ~What are the implications for public health practice?
/ {$ l* E! r. e5 C, tCDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to substantially slow U.S. transmission of 2019-nCoV, including identification of U.S. cases and contacts and managing travelers arriving from mainland China to the United States. Interim guidance is available at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html and will be updated as more information becomes available.

全文阅读：https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6905e1.htm
全文下载：https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/pdfs/mm6905e1-H.pdf

Summary
" s" G2 X, s  N' J# LWhat is already known about this topic
( g; a; _# @' C  v: PIn December 2019, an outbreak of acute respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was detected in mainland China. Cases have been reported in 26 additional locations, including the United States.
摘要
关于这个话题我们已经知道了什么？
在2019年12月，一起由新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）引发的急性呼吸道疾病在中国大陆爆发。在其他26个地区报告了病例，包括美国。
! Y& j1 T2 E& h3 W) B# qWhat is added by this report?
Nine of the first 11 U.S. 2019-nCoV patients were exposed in Wuhan, China. CDC expects more U.S. cases.
通过这个报告增加了什么？
6 K* R6 y, \2 J9 Y8 c首批11例美国2019-nCoV患者中，9例患者有在中国武汉的暴露史，美国疾病控制与预防中心预计在美国会出现更多的病例。
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What are the implications for public health practice?
5 b- u, N( {- r8 YCDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to substantially slow U.S. transmission of 2019-nCoV, including identification of U.S. cases and contacts and managing travelers arriving from mainland China to the United States. Interim guidance is available at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html and will be updated as more information becomes available.
; F4 E% n# }( F! C对公共卫生工作有什么影响？
美国疾病控制与预防中心、其他多个联邦机构、州和地方卫生部门以及其他合作伙伴正在采取积极措施，大幅减缓美国2019-nCoV的传播，包括确认美国病例和接触者，以及管理从中国大陆到美国的旅客。 临时指南在https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html，如有更多信息，将随时更新。

qqqqqqwwww 发表于 2020-2-19 17:53
2 t/ {8 [4 [4 C, @6 f1 X/ C; ^" `4 MSummary
1 n/ X& i6 n( hWhat is already known about this topic
9 v. t6 C  `3 s, JIn December 2019, an outbreak of acute respiratory  ...

+ `( @1 g$ V2 N9 o感谢认领，有空继续翻译正文。

On December 31, 2019, Chinese health officials reported a cluster of cases of acute respiratory illness in persons associated with the Hunan seafood and animal market in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, in central China. On January 7, 2020, Chinese health officials confirmed that a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was associated with this initial cluster (1). As of February 4, 2020, a total of 20,471 confirmed cases, including 2,788 (13.6%) with severe illness,* and 425 deaths (2.1%) had been reported by the National Health Commission of China (2). Cases have also been reported in 26 locations outside of mainland China, including documentation of some person-to-person transmission and one death (2). As of February 4, 11 cases had been reported in the United States.
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2019年12月31日，中国卫生官员报告了一批急性呼吸道疾病病例，这些病例与中国中部的湖北省武汉市的华南海鲜市场有关。2020年1月7日,中国卫生官员证实,一种新型冠状病毒(2019 - nCoV)与这些初始病例有关(1)。根据中国国家卫生健康委员会(2)的通报，截止2020年2月4日，总共有20471例确诊病例,其中包括重症病例2788例(13.6%)、*死亡病例425例(2.1%)。在中国大陆以外的26个地区也报告了病例，,包括一些人传人的案例和一例死亡的记录(2)。截至2月4日，美国已报告11例。

On January 30, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General declared that the 2019-nCoV outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.† On January 31, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary declared a U.S. public health emergency to respond to 2019-nCoV.§ Also on January 31, the president of the United States signed a “Proclamation on Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Persons who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus,” which limits entry into the United States of persons who traveled to mainland China to U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents and their families (3). CDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow transmission of 2019-nCoV in the United States (4,5).

1月30日，WHO总干事宣布，将新冠病毒疫情认定为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。1月31日，美国健康和大众服务部部长宣布，此次新冠疫情构成美国公共卫生应急事件。同天，美国总统签署了一份关于暂时禁止有传播新冠病毒风险的人员入境的文件。文件要求禁止之前到过中国大陆的美籍公民、绿卡持有者以及其直系亲属入境美国。美国CDC、联邦机构、各州和地方卫生部门和其他有关单位正在积极地采取各项措施，以减缓新冠病毒在美国的传播。

markewhite 发表于 2020-2-20 21:20
On January 30, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General declared that the 2019-nCoV outb ...

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These measures require the identification of cases and their contacts in the United States and the appropriate assessment and care of travelers arriving from mainland China to the United States. These measures are being implemented in anticipation of additional 2019-nCoV cases in the United States. Although these measures might not prevent the eventual establishment of ongoing, widespread transmission of the virus in the United States, they are being implemented to 1) slow the spread of illness; 2) provide time to better prepare health care systems and the general public to be ready if widespread transmission with substantial associated illness occurs; and 3) better characterize 2019-nCoV infection to guide public health recommendations and the development of medical countermeasures including diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Public health authorities are monitoring the situation closely. As more is learned about this novel virus and this outbreak, CDC will rapidly incorporate new knowledge into guidance for action by CDC and state and local health departments.
& X9 m8 y+ G* F4 H/ f; l这些措施要求查明在美国的病例及其接触者，并对从中国大陆到美国的旅行者进行适当的评估和照顾。这些措施的实施是为了应对美国预期新增的2019-nCoV病例。尽管这些措施可能无法阻止病毒在美国的持续广泛传播，但这些措施的实施可以减缓疾病的传播;2)为卫生保健系统和公众提供时间，以便在发生大规模的相关疾病广泛传播时做好准备;3)和更好地描述2019-nCoV感染的特征，以指导公共卫生建议和制定包括诊断、治疗和疫苗在内的医疗对策。公共卫生当局正在密切监测情况。随着对这一新型病毒和疫情了解的加深，疾控中心将迅速将新知识纳入疾控中心和州及地方卫生部门的行动指南。

Some coronaviruses, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), are the result of human-animal interactions.Preliminary investigation of 2019-nCoV also suggests a zoo-notic origin (6), but the exact origin has not yet been deter-mined. Person-to-person spread is evident (7); however, how easily the virus is transmitted between persons is currently unclear. 2019-nCoV is similar to coronaviruses that cause MERS and SARS, which are transmitted mainly by respira-tory droplets. Signs and symptoms of patients with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection include fever, cough, and shortness of breath (8). Based on the incubation period of illness from MERS and SARS coronaviruses, CDC believes that symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection occur within 2 to 14 days following infection. Preliminary information suggests that older adults and persons with underlying health conditions or compro-mised immune systems might be at higher risk for severe illness from this virus (9); however, many characteristics of this novel coronavirus and how it might affect individual persons and potentially vulnerable population subgroups, such as the elderly or those with chronic health conditions, remain unclear.
一些冠状病毒，例如中东呼吸系统综合症（MERS）和严重急性呼吸系统综合症（SARS）是人与动物相互作用的结果.2019-nCoV的初步调查也表明是人畜共患病起源（6），但确切的起源至今尚未确定;不过，人传人是确定的（7），但目前尚不清楚该病毒在人与人之间传播的容易程度。 2019-nCoV与导致MERS和SARS的冠状病毒相似，它们主要通过呼吸道飞沫传播。确诊为2019-nCoV感染的患者的体征和症状包括发烧，咳嗽和呼吸困难（8）。根据MERS和SARS冠状病毒的潜伏期，疾病预防控制中心认为2019-nCoV感染的症状在感染后2至14天内发生。初步信息表明，老年人和具有基本健康状况或免疫系统受损的人可能因这种病毒而罹患严重疾病的风险更高（9）；然而，这种新型冠状病毒的许多特征以及它如何影响个人和潜在的易感亚人群，如老年人或患有慢性疾病的人，仍不清楚。

实践出真知，如果美国真能将发生在自己国家的流感疫情扑灭才可能有话语权。

礁石 发表于 2020-2-24 21:37
+ g/ x3 |; I! L! }实践出真知，如果美国真能将发生在自己国家的流感疫情扑灭才可能有话语权。

能看得懂就来翻译，别说别的。