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Discussion讨论2 I) B, U5 _( ^0 H$ F: j `
The 2019-nCoV has impacted multiple countries, caused severe illness, and sustained person-to-person transmission making it a concerning and serious public health threat. 0 n D# D/ z* j& l5 \% M# \
2019-nCoV已影响多个国家,造成严重疾病,并持续的人与人之间的传播,使其成为一个令人关切和严重的公共卫生威胁。! C+ k2 w1 q9 F" z) f! c
It is unclear how this virus will impact the U.S. over time. 目前尚不清楚随着时间的推移,这种病毒将如何影响美国。0 k& m, p! L+ C4 F$ c# \
For the general population, who are unlikely to be exposed to this virus at the current time, the immediate health risk from 2019-nCoV is considered low. 对于目前不太可能接触这种病毒的普通人群来说,2019-nCoV带来的直接健康风险被认为很低。$ P: ~( o4 ^) w3 a& x( M3 `
CDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow U.S. transmission of 2019-nCoV (4,5).
* z4 Z% I& H4 m疾控中心、多个其他联邦机构、州和地方卫生部门以及其他合作伙伴正在实施积极措施,以减缓美国2019-nCoV的传播。
) Q0 F* f3 r" _0 t' f. ~0 _9 VThese measures require the identification of cases and contacts in the United States and the effective management of the estimated 14,000 travelers arriving from mainland China to the United States each day (3). 这些措施要求查明在美国的案件和联系方式,并对每天从中国大陆抵达美国的约14000名旅客进行有效管理。- W8 I" E6 F& P" X, l" K
These measures are being implemented based on the assumption that there will be more U.S. 2019-nCoV cases occurring with potential chains of transmission, with the understanding that these measures might not prevent the eventual establishment of ongoing, widespread transmission of the virus in the United States.这些措施的实施基于这样一个假设,即美国2019年将有更多的nCoV病例发生,可能存在传播链,但有一项协议,即这些措施可能不会阻止病毒在美国的持续、广泛传播。
- h; [9 J) a" B. {( H4 A' jIt is important for public health agencies, health care providers, and the public to be aware of this new 2019-nCoV so that coordinated, timely, and effective actions can help prevent additional cases or poor health outcomes.
4 ^8 @$ m [2 q6 [# k重要的是,公共卫生机构、医疗保健提供者和公众应了解这一新的2019-nCoV,以便有助于预防更多的病例或不良健康结果采取协调、及时和有效的行动。9 |6 d ?- ]- E& p" o5 v
The critical role that the U.S. health care system plays in halting or significantly slowing U.S. transmission of 2019-nCoV is already evident: eight of the first 11 U.S. cases were detected by clinicians collaborating with public health to test persons at risk. ' f! p% C7 v/ q$ h+ M& _
美国医疗体系在阻止或显著减缓美国2019年nCoV传播方面发挥的关键作用已经很明显:首批11起美国病例中,有8起是由临床医生与公共卫生部门合作检测高危人群而发现的。0 J" a& j9 k) w8 C
The early recognition of cases in the United States reduces transmission risk and increases understanding of the virus, including its transmission and severity, to inform national and global response actions.2 a3 r7 @0 o$ e1 a+ l
美国对病例的早期认识降低了传播风险,增加了对病毒的了解,包括病毒的传播和严重程度,为国家和全球的应对行动提供信息。
3 ?5 ~! [# J' n0 ]2 T. l; w2019-nCoV symptoms are similar to those of influenza (e.g., fever, cough, or sore throat), and the outbreak is occurring during a time of year when respiratory illnesses from influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and other respiratory viruses are highly prevalent.
/ E. S% q! ~/ j- f* F1 u2019-nCoV症状与流感相似(例如发烧、咳嗽或喉咙痛),暴发发生在每年流感、呼吸道合胞病毒和其他呼吸道病毒引起的呼吸道疾病高度流行的时期。
: r1 E0 H6 a9 n3 d3 v8 |* BTo prevent influenza, all persons aged ≥6 months should receive an annual influenza vaccine, and vaccination is still available and effective in helping to prevent influenza (10).
3 l+ c7 E, `( _1 u' u ~: a+ X为预防流感,所有年龄≥6个月的人应每年接种一次流感疫苗,疫苗仍然有效,有助于预防流感。
2 u! Y( u, S$ P' f9 u1 A4 {Reducing the number of persons in the United States with seasonal influenza will reduce possible confusion with 2019-nCoV infection and possible additional risk to patients with seasonal influenza. 减少美国季节性流感患者的数量,将减少可能与2019年nCoV感染的混淆以及季节性流感患者可能增加的风险。* F9 c R' L6 F0 q
Public health authorities are monitoring the situation closely. As more is learned about this novel virus and this outbreak, CDC will rapidly incorporate new knowledge into guidance for action.
' t1 ]" d, D: V; |0 X/ q7 U2 I4 ]公共卫生当局正在密切监测这一情况。随着人们对这种新型病毒和此次疫情了解的增多,疾病预防控制中心将迅速将新知识纳入行动指南。; n+ w& W4 i! m1 _4 E2 z, m5 m
Acknowledgments
- S7 P1 ^) B# f% r5 {- |Arizona Department of Health Services; Maricopa County Department of Public Health; California Department of Public Health; Los Angeles County Department of Public Health; Orange County Health Department; San Benito County Public Health Services Department; Santa Clara County Public Health Department; Illinois Department of Public Health; Chicago Department of Public Health; Cook County Department of Public Health; DuPage County Health Department; Massachusetts Department of Public Health; Washington State Department of Health; Snohomish Health District.
% Q' @( \/ ~( i2 w9 {致谢
. u3 B' g# A9 ~5 [! t5 l. c& k亚利桑那州卫生服务部;马里科帕县公共卫生部;加利福尼亚州公共卫生部;洛杉矶县公共卫生部;奥兰治县卫生部;圣贝尼托县公共卫生服务部;圣克拉拉县公共卫生部;伊利诺伊州公共卫生部;芝加哥公共卫生部;库克县公共卫生部;杜佩奇县卫生部;马萨诸塞州公共卫生部;华盛顿州卫生部;斯诺霍米什卫生区。 |
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