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这一周的经济学人的封面文章是:America’s lost oomph (美国失去活力); 确实一个国家如果在物质上极大的充裕了之后,当国民对于物质财富的追求不再强烈的时候,这个国家的活力必然会下降。我们常常厌恶当下社会的物欲和贪婪,却殊不知这正是我们经济繁荣的源动力。而且中国的家文化把这种对于财富的追求推到了一个顶端,很多人的忙碌并不是为了自己而是为了孩子甚至孙子;这种无私的对于家庭的责任和爱是其他民族所没有的,而且这种爱和责任会传承下去;无所谓好坏,只是我们的文化决定了这样一种社会运行的模式。
r) u9 Q! B# c" n9 S) FEconomic growth over the business cycle is driven mostly by swings in demand, and in recent years demand has been held back: households have been repaying their debts; the government has restrained its spending and raised taxes; and interest rates, having reached zero, are unable to fall further.
2 z8 k' p9 m- |" M. I词汇识别: Economic growth over the business cycle
) b4 e3 Y; ^, A 商业周期中的经济增长 8 ^# u8 W6 l% d4 {( U, w
swings in demand
; M" k( H4 u- B/ z 需求的波动
& W6 b$ d- G' Q4 n held back
! v& M1 p* c6 x7 r7 C1 z3 G 停滞2 G6 @, p9 w8 B
Repay
0 w( S: ?5 X7 p- L/ N) ^; r 偿还
5 s2 F' M6 R$ l8 z" n4 y: L Restrain
4 y V q0 ~( `: |9 ]' x 抑制) u1 a- {, w N3 {
1 d/ Q4 M! J( ? J( ~, {% Z4 |* n
主干识别:并列句一:Economic growth is driven mostly by swings in demand# q, o( j$ L/ z, O3 `; x# v7 v
并列句二:demand has been held back+ } ?1 Z- h3 m" Z/ j/ V
其他成分:冒号对并列句二进行解释;
6 i. w9 y. q+ i; V 1.households have been repaying their debts;
4 F, x/ d# }( D( p# _, x2.the government has restrained its spending and raised taxes;
2 P2 `' o6 Y/ q2 L! X4 u8 [3. interest rates, having reached zero, are unable to fall further.* j. @, d4 N3 N. E" }$ |) X
这句的主干是:interest rates are unable to fall further7 f; e( L! V5 z( S) n. X1 s; }1 _/ P
having reached zero 状语9 H7 C% g' E j% O: \$ L
参考译文: 商业周期中的经济增长主要是由需求的波动来推动的。最近几年,需求停滞了:家庭已经还清债务;政府抑制支出提高税收;银行利率已经降到零点无法再降。
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